The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has adopted a Fourth Report and Order (FCC 26-1) to expand unlicensed operations in the 6 GHz band, introducing a new category of devices known as geofenced variable power (GVP) devices.
This decision is intended to support next-generation wireless connectivity, enabling higher performance applications across sectors such as IoT, smart devices, and immersive technologies.
Introduction of GVP Devices
Under the new framework, GVP devices are permitted to operate at higher power levels than previously authorised unlicensed devices. Unlike existing device classes, they are not limited to indoor use and can function in both indoor and outdoor environments.
These devices are designed to support high data rate applications, including augmented and virtual reality, short-range connectivity solutions, automation systems, and indoor navigation use cases.
Operation in the 6 GHz Band
The FCC has authorised GVP devices to operate on an unlicensed basis within specific portions of the 6 GHz band, including:
- U-NII-5 (5.925–6.425 GHz)
- U-NII-7 (6.525–6.875 GHz)
To manage spectrum use effectively, the FCC has established power limits and operational conditions for these devices.
Ensuring Coexistence with Licensed Services
To minimise interference risks, the FCC has introduced exclusion zones within certain frequencies. GVP devices are restricted from operating in these areas to protect incumbent licensed services.
This approach allows for higher power and broader functionality, while maintaining coexistence with existing spectrum users.
Relationship to Existing Device Categories
The introduction of GVP devices addresses limitations associated with current unlicensed device classes.
For example, Low Power Indoor (LPI) devices are restricted to indoor environments, while Very Low Power (VLP) devices operate at significantly lower power levels. GVP devices expand these capabilities by enabling outdoor operation and higher transmission power, supporting more advanced use cases.
Further FCC Consultation
Alongside the adoption of this framework, the FCC is also seeking feedback on additional proposals to enhance the use of the 6 GHz band. These include potential changes such as:
- Allowing certain access points to operate with increased power under defined conditions
- Permitting low power indoor devices to operate on cruise ships
What This Means for Industry
This update is expected to support continued growth in wireless technologies by enabling more flexible and higher-performance unlicensed operations. It also reflects a broader trend toward expanding spectrum availability for advanced applications.
Manufacturers developing devices for the 6 GHz band will need to consider the new GVP category, applicable power limits, and operational restrictions when designing and certifying products.
For more information, read the official notification below.
How C-PRAV Can Support You
C-PRAV supports manufacturers in navigating evolving FCC regulations and global wireless compliance requirements. This includes guidance on 6 GHz band regulations, device classification, and certification pathways, as well as coordination of testing and documentation for market access.